Altavoces inteligentes, routers, wearables, cámaras IP de videovigilancia, juguetes, coches, termostatos, luces, cierres… La cantidad de elementos que emplean conexiones en red se ha reproducido en los últimos tiempos, y no parece que el crecimiento en el Internet de las Cosas vaya a detenerse en un futuro próximo. Lo indican múltiples factores: su uso en urbanismo, en salud, en transporte y en otros muchos campos semejan un aval de que queda IoT para rato. Y los estudios así lo confirman.
Así lo confirman las previsiones de la compañía Juniper Research, que en su reciente estudio The Internet of Things: Consumer, Industrial & Public Services 2018-2023 anticipa un amplio crecimiento de los elementos conectados. El informe estima que para 2022 habrá más de 50.000 millones de dispositivos IoT, lo que supone casi 30.000 millones más que los 21.000 millones que calculan que habrá en el mercado en este 2018. En términos porcentuales, esto se traduce en un crecimiento del 140% en los próximos cuatro años.
La empresa de estudios de mercado considera en este documento que este incremento estará liderado por el auge de los servicios de edge computing. Esta nueva tendencia aboga por un procesamiento de la información de IoT próxima a la fuente en la que se genera, renunciando a la nube en favor de ese extremo o punta que le da nombre en inglés. Una nueva arquitectura que mueve el análisis del centro de datos a elementos descentralizados, como los routers.
Según Juniper, para 2023 habrá unos 46.000 millones de dispositivos IoT vinculados a usos empresariales o industriales, y una parte importante de los mismos funcionarán gracias al edge computing. Esto tiene consecuencias importantes a efectos de seguridad. La multiplicación de puntos de acceso a la red (y de puntos de acceso vulnerables, ya que muchos dispositivos IoT carecen de una cobertura adecuada) aumenta a su vez el riesgo de amenazas, al abrir nuevas puertas de entrada y en entornos tanto particulares como empresariales. Además, el procesamiento próximo al origen implica una necesidad de reforzar la protección de los procesos en múltiples puntos, no en uno únicamente, o en un número limitado de ellos, como eran hasta ahora los centros de datos.
Esta tendencia obliga a las empresas de ciberseguridad a cambiar su enfoque, optando por soluciones que se adapten a este escenario cambiante mediante una respuesta inteligente. La multiplicación de dispositivos IoT asegura que los próximos años van a ser tiempo de adaptación y reajuste para un gran número de industrias, y la de la ciberseguridad se posiciona como una de las que más ágilmente debe responder.
Fuente: seguridadti.cso.computerworld.es
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