Además de revolucionar las reglas de los pagos digitales, PSD2 presume de dar la capa definitiva a la protección de estas transacciones. La normativa europea, que entra en vigor este fin de semana, introduce la Autenticación de Cliente Reforzada (SCA, de sus siglas inglesas), término que pone en el foco a la biometría. La nueva directiva quiere garantizar la correcta identificación de los usuarios a la hora de realizar sus compras. Para ello obliga a la utilización de dos factores de autenticación diferentes entre algo que el cliente tiene, como el teléfono móvil o una tarjeta, algo que solo conoce (una contraseña) y algo que el usuario es (huella dactilar, reconocimiento facial…).
Las empresas, sobre todo las financieras, llevan ya tiempo tratando de poner sus herramientas a punto para este día. Tanto es así que según la Asociación Española de Banca (AEB), éstos ya cuentan con medidas de seguridad que “exceden las exigencias legales”. “En la actualidad, su mayor reto es la concienciación de los clientes para el uso de estas herramientas”. En este sentido, puntualiza Fernando Maldonado, analista principal de IDG Research, los preceptos de PSD2 también presentarán nuevos riesgos en el futuro, dada la sofisticación y nuevas ideas de los ciberatacantes. “Aparecen nuevos riesgos porque, aunque el flujo de información se produce a través de las API seguras, ahora se trata de proteger un potencial ecosistema de actores –la robustez de la seguridad se mide por el eslabón más débil–, y ya no es necesario atacar a un banco directamente sino a través de un tercero como un ecommerce. Ganarán relevancia ataques como man-in-the-middle.
La biometría en el foco
Pero antes de predecir el futuro, lo que está claro es que PSD2 pone en el foco a la biometría. A ojos de Margrethe Vestager, comisaria de competencia de la UE, es necesario crear un ecosistema de confianza que garantice la seguridad de las transacciones online. Ese marco ya ha llegado, y las compañías están haciendo los deberes. Alberto López, director de ciberseguridad y soluciones de Mastercard Iberia, cuenta que su compañía ha tenido que redefinir sus políticas de autenticación. “Por eso, lanzamos en 2017 el programa ID Check, poniendo énfasis en la biometría y adaptando los protocolos de autenticación”, comenta.
Para el directivo, esta ley trae, sin duda, un avance más en la unificación legislativa de la UE. “Europa se pone al frente de los grandes temas que ahora mismo están cambiando el estatus quo”.
Por su parte, Carlos Gavilán, director de desarrollo de negocio de Biometric Vox, cree que la biometría, especialmente la de voz, es el factor más seguro más fiable dentro de las posibilidades que ofrece la normativa. “Al contrario que el factor de posesión, fácilmente manipulable a través de un robo de un dispositivo o del número de tarjeta, o el factor de conocimiento que también puede ser obtenido por terceros, la biometría garantiza prácticamente de forma inequívoca la identificación del usuario”. Estas garantías serán clave para la consecución del anhelado Mercado Único Digital en el Viejo Continente.
Fuente: https://cso.computerworld.es
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