El Consejo de Ministros ha aprobado la segunda parte del Plan de Recuperación, prolongando el actual ciclo de inversión en los próximos años gracias a la recepción de 10.000 millones más en transferencias y 84.000 millones en préstamos.
El Consejo de Ministros ha dado luz verde a la adenda al Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia, materializando el compromiso de inversión y reformas para atraer a España otros 94.300 millones de fondos europeos Next Generation con vistas a 2026. Una cifra que se suma a los 70.000 millones de la primera fase. En concreto, en virtud de la adenda, serán 164.300 millones de fondos europeos en transferencias y préstamos para el período 2020-2026. El objetivo, según ha explicado la vicepresidenta primera, Nadia Calviño, es “ayudar a prolongar el actual ciclo de inversión en los próximos años”. El texto, negociado con Bruselas, incluye inversiones, alguna reforma de calado menor y la creación de catorce fondos mediante los que se canalizarán los créditos -7.700 millones de transferencias adicionales, más 2.644 millones a través del programa REpowerEU y hasta 84.000 millones en préstamos en condiciones favorables-.
Según se ha avanzado, los 84.000 millones en créditos se dividirán en diferentes fondos. Serán préstamos con el tipo de interés que obtiene el ejecutivo comunitario en la emisión de los fondos Next Generation EU, a lo que hay que añadir los gastos de gestión. El tipo siempre será inferior al del Tesoro, en cincuenta puntos, y, por consiguiente, al de la red comercial. El plazo de amortización será de 30 años y el riesgo de impago lo soportará la comunidad autónoma, que tendrá que devolver el dinero al Estado y, por extensión, a la Comisión Europea.
Entre las novedades anunciadas, el fondo Next-Tech, de 4.000 millones, servirá para apoyar la financiación del sector tecnológico. De igual forma, tal y como han avanzado fuentes institucionales, también habrá una parte para impulsar la digitalización de las universidades, una línea dotada con 150 millones. Otra de las novedades de la adenda es la creación de un fondo específico para inversiones en seguridad. Este estará dotado con 2.200 millones y podrán tener acceso empresas del sector militar y de la ciberseguridad. Será bautizado como Instrumento de Ciberesiliencia y Seguridad. Asimismo, se mantiene la ya anunciada línea de financiación para las empresas audiovisuales que realicen sus producciones en España, aumentando su cuantía hasta los 1.500 millones.
La Comisión Europea tiene ahora dos meses para valorar la adenda; y aunque el grueso ya ha sido negociado con ella, el visto bueno definitivo se producirá o no después de las elecciones generales del 23 de julio. A cambio de estos préstamos España se ha comprometido a poner en marcha 18 reformas, de menor profundidad que las ejecutadas con la primera parte del Plan de Recuperación. “Se profundizará en las medidas dirigidas a aumentar la productividad y el crecimiento potencial de la economía, se seguirá impulsando el fortalecimiento de la autonomía estratégica y se reforzará la cohesión económica, social y territorial, con el foco en la responsabilidad fiscal y la sostenibilidad de las cuentas públicas a medio y largo plazo”. Así lo ha avanzado la cartera de Economía.
El Gobierno ha solicitado a Bruselas prorrogar el plazo de ejecución del Plan de Recuperación más allá del horizonte 2026. Lo ha hecho junto a otros cuatro países, Alemania, Luxemburgo, Finlandia y Estonia, con el firme propósito de conseguir modificar los hitos y objetivos para “asegurar que se aprovechan al 100% los fondos europeos”.
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